K-2 Connections Sampler

5 E X P L I C I T I N S T R U C T I O N U S I N G C R A Concrete–Representational–Abstract (CRA) Instruction Every Connections lesson starts with a hands-on activity that provides a solid, concrete basis for understanding the math concept presented. Studentsworking in small groups develop conceptual understanding and acquire math vocabulary and skills through these manipulative-based activities and problem-solving situations. All activities are supported by lightly scripted lessons that direct the exploration of each math concept and ensure that students move smoothly from concrete activities to representational visuals and from there to increasingly abstract levels of problem solving. This structured process is sometimes called the CRA instructional model. Three Stages of Learning (CRA) Concrete Introductory Activity Objective : To practicewriting the numerals “5” and “6.” To identify sets of up to 6 objects andwrite the number of objects. To find 2-color combinations for the numbers 5 and 6. Materials : Interlocking cubes (2 colors), 2-cmGraph Paper (Master 9),WritingNumber Practice (Master 8), Numeral Cards 0–6 (Masters 11–12), scissors, glue or tape, crayons, paper, pencils, teddy bear counters SixCreepy Sheep, Enderly, JudithRoss Six Sleepy Sheep, Gordon, JeffieRoss ExploringCombinations Distribute interlocking cubes of 2 different colors, crayons, 2-cmGraph Paper (Master 9), scissors, glue or tape and a full sheet of paper to each student or pair. Numbers aremade up of other, smaller numbers. Todaywe are going to explore cubes of 2 different colors to find all the combinationswe can make to show the same number. First, wewillmake trainswith 5 cubes. Select 5 cubes from your set of cubes. Put the cubes together tomake a 5 train.We want to see the different combinations of 5 in 2 different colors, sowemust always put the cubes of the same color together. Like this: NOT this: Now find all the different ways you canmake a 5 trainusing two different colors. If youmade a 5 train with cubes of the same color, what color combination would this train show? (5 and 0, or 0 and 5) Howmany different combinations did you find for the number 5? (6) Write “COMBINATIONSOF5” at the top of your paper. Cut out 6 rows of 5 squares from your graphpaper to show each combination. Color each row tomatch one of the color combinations youhave built. Now arrange your rows tomake a stairway pattern of two colors. Place the strips under each other. Glue or tape your strips to your sheet of paper. After students have glued their strips on the paper, ask them towrite numbers next to each strip telling how many of each color are in the trains. COMBINATIONSOF 5 Repeat the activity for trains of 6. Therewill be 7 different combinations of 6. Store the pages for the chapter portfolio. 3, 2 4, 1 5, 0 0, 5 1, 4 2, 3 Read to Me 42 ©MthTecher Pre , Inc.,Reprodction y nymen i trictly prohi ited. N me ________________________________________________________________ Write the n m er. Howm ny?Write the n m er. Howm ny?U e 2 to color the . cryon p te p te p te p te p te 5 6 6 5 6 5 42 Chapter 2Grade 1 42 Have students practicewriting the numbers 5 and 6 using their index andmiddle finger to trace each number in the air, on the palms of student’s hands and on a friend’s back. If the fives are to bewritten in two strokes, the followingmay help, down, around, lift, across . If the fives are to bewritten in 1 stroke as in theD’Nelean method, the phrasemight be across, down, around . To practice the 6, say, start at the top, downwith a loop . Complete the page bywriting the number of each object in the blank. UseMaster 8 for further practice inwriting numerals. Assessment:Number-Numeral Matching Childrenwill needNumeral Cards 0 to 6, teddy bear counters, paper and pencil. • Display from 0 to 6 bearswithNumeral Cards 0 to 6 in random order. Showme the card that tells how many bears. • Display aNumeral Card from 0 to 6. Showme as many bears. • Say a number from 0 to 6 aloud. Showme asmany bears. Find theNumeral Card tomatch the number youhear.Write the number youhear. • Display 0 to 6 bears. Write the number of bears in the set. Take note of which children need extra help. ? Visual to Abstract Symbol 42 ©MathTeachers Press, Inc., Reproduction by anymeans is strictly prohibited. Name ________________________________________________________________ Write the number. Howmany?Write the number. Howmany?Use 2 to color the s. crayon paste paste paste paste paste 5 5 5 5 6 6 5 6 5 6666 5 Concrete Representational Abstract Visual 3